Paroxetine belongs to the family of antidepressants known as SSRI. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors encourage proper communication in the brain’s chemical make up by producing more serotonin and creating a stronger signal to the brain’s receptors. In short terms, it helps the brain produce more chemicals that create happier sensations in order to alleviate the symptoms of depression. It will not eliminate the cause of depression, but it can help the patient achieve the right mind frame to deal with the causation.
While it seems a little counter productive, SSRI antidepressants are likely to cause suicidal thoughts and tendencies. This is a normal reaction to the sudden changes in the brain’s chemical balance and should subside as dosages are adjusted and the brain has time to adjust. The patient needs to be questioned regularly about their state of mind, especially in the first twelve to fourteen weeks of treatment.
Paroxetine, which is more commonly referred to as Paxil, is prescribed mainly to individuals suffering from depression, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder. It has successfully treated some eating disorders, but only those that manifest themselves as a compulsion.
Paroxetine has been known to cause serious heart and lung complications in newborns delivered to mothers taking the medication during pregnancy. It is not recommended for women who are or may become pregnant. The medication can be harmful to nursing infants.
Interacting Paroxetine with an MAO inhibitor can lead to fatal consequences. There must be a minimum of two weeks between the final dose of an MOI inhibitor and the first dose of Paroxetine in order to avoid this potentially fatal combination. This medication is not used in bi-polar patients or patients with a history of suicidal thoughts or chronic self injury.
While Paroxetine is not considered an addictive medication, patients report experiencing withdrawal symptoms if the medication is abruptly halted. It is prudent to discuss decreasing doses if at all possible to wean the patient off the medication.
If the patient misses a dose it is inadvisable for him to try to make up the dose for fear of accidental overdosing. An over dose can lead to severe nausea and vomiting, tremors and profuse sweating, blurry vision and tacicardia, inability to urinate, aggressive behavior and confusion, seizures, coma, and in high enough doses it can cause death.
Severe reactions to Paroxetine are likely to cause similar symptoms. A severe reaction may also lead to convulsions, stiff or restless muscles, and a loss of coordination. These symptoms and the symptoms associated with overdosing require immediate medical intervention.
More common side effects of Paroxetine are also typically more tolerable. Experiencing a sense of nervous restlessness or insomnia is fairly common. Drowsiness and dizziness, loss of appetite, constipation and mild nausea, dry mouth, chronic yawning, and the sound of ringing in the ears are all usually mild and the patient receives a higher level of benefit from the medication than annoyance or discomfort from the side effects. Adjusting the dose can help alleviate some of these symptoms.
Paroxetine is not appropriate for all patients, but for those who tolerate it well it is rapidly returning them to a higher quality of life and giving them the tools they require in order to deal with their depression more effectively.
PAXIL (paroxetine hydrochloride) is an orally administered psychotropic drug. It is the hydrochloride salt of a phenylpiperidine compound identified chemically as (-)-trans-4R-(4'-fluorophenyl) -3S-[(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenoxy) methyl] piperidine hydrochloride hemihydrate and has the empirical formula of C19H20FNO3· HCl· 1/2H2O. The molecular weight is 374.8 (329.4 as free base). Paroxetine hydrochloride is an odorless, off-white powder, having a melting point range of 120°to 138°C and a solubility of 5.4 mg/mL in water. Tablets: Each film-coated tablet contains paroxetine hydrochloride equivalent to paroxetine as follows: 10 mg–yellow (scored); 20 mg–pink (scored); 30 mg–blue, 40 mg–green. Inactive ingredients consist of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycols, polysorbate 80, sodium starch glycolate, titanium dioxide, and 1 or more of the following: D&C Red No. 30, D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Blue No. 2, FD&C Yellow No. 6.
Paroxetine has the following structural formula:
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