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Nitrofurantoin review
by
Pharmacy and Drugs ©
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Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic. It fights off bacteria in the body.
Indications: treat urinary tract infections due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli,
Staphylococcus aureus and certain susceptible strains of Klebsiella, Enterobacter and
Proteus species.
Special precautions:
Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you have any of these medical
conditions: kidney disease, anemia, diabetes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
(G6PD) deficiency, any type of debilitating disease, or vitamin B deficiency.
You may not be able to take nitrofurantoin, or you may require a dosage adjustment or
special monitoring during treatment if you have any of the conditions listed above.
Do not take nitrofurantoin if you are pregnant or breast-feeding a baby without talking to
your doctor. This medicine is in the FDA pregnancy category B, meaning it is
not likely to harm an unborn baby. However, nitrofurantoin should not be taken by
pregnant women who are at term (38-42 weeks gestation), during labor and delivery, or
when the onset of labor is imminent. Nitrofurantoin also passes into breast milk and may
harm a nursing infant. This drug is also not prescribed and should not be used by infants
younger than 1 month of age. They cannot properly eliminate the drug from their bodies,
and dangerous side effects could result.
Even if the symptoms felt is improving already, it is advisable to take all of the
nitrofurantoin that has been prescribed by your doctor. Your symptoms may start to
improve before the infection is completely treated. Take nitrofurantoin with food or milk
to decrease stomach upset and to increase the absorption of the drug in the stomach.
Seek emergency medical attention if you experience symptoms of a nitrofurantoin
overdose which include nausea and vomiting.
Serious side effects which necessitates you to stop taking nitrofurantoin and seek
emergency medical attention: an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of your
throat; swelling of your lips, tongue, or face; or hives); shortness of breath, chest pain,
or other respiratory problems; stomach pain; yellowing of the skin or eyes; unusual
fatigue or weakness; numbness or tingling; fever or chills; visual changes; or
diarrhea.
Other, less serious side effects may be more likely to occur. Continue to take your
medication and talk to your doctor if you experience the following: rust-colored or
brownish urine; headache; dizziness; drowsiness; nausea; incorrect results with some
urine sugar tests. Report any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially
bothersome to your doctor.
Drug interactions:
Drugs that contain magnesium such as magnesium calculate (Magana) and chorine-magnesium calculate (Arthropod) as well as antacids like Maalox, Mylanta, Milk of Magnesia, Glossily, and others. These drugs may decrease the amount of nitrofurantoin that gets absorbed into the body. Avoid taking medications that contain magnesium within two hours before and after a dose of nitrofurantoin.
Nitrofurantoin may also interact with probenecid (Benemid) or sulfinpyrazone (Anturane). You may not be able to take nitrofurantoin, or you may require a dosage adjustment or special monitoring during treatment.
If you have diabetes, check with your doctor before making dietary or medication changes because incorrect results with some urine sugar tests may also happen if you are taking nitrofurantoin at the same time. Before intake of any prescription or over-the-counter medicines such as herbal products, discuss it first with your attending physician.
Nitrofurantoin is an antibacterial agent specific for urinary tract infections. The Macrobid brand of nitrofurantoin is a hard gelatin capsule shell containing the equivalent of 100 mg of nitrofurantoin in the form of 25 mg of nitrofurantoin macrocrystals and 75 mg of nitrofurantoin monohydrate. The chemical name of nitrofurantoin macrocrystals is 1-[[[5-nitro-2-furanyl]methylene]amino]-2,4-imidazolidinedione.
Nitrofurantoin has the following structural formula:
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