Buspirone is an anti-anxiety medicine that works by affecting chemicals in your brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety. Buspirone is used to reduce fear, tension, and anxiety associated with anxiety disorders.
Special precautions: before taking buspirone, tell your doctor if you:
• have had an allergic reaction to buspirone in the past;
• have taken a monoamine oxidase inhibitor such as phenelzine (Nardil),
isocarboxazid (Marplan), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) within the last 14 days;
• have kidney disease;
• have liver disease;
• have a history of alcohol or drug addiction; alcohol may increase drowsiness or
dizziness; use caution when driving, operating machinery or performing hazardous
activities.
. pregnant or planning to become pregnant (FDA pregnancy category B) This means
that it is unlikely to harm an unborn baby;
. breast-feeding a baby.
Buspirone has not been approved for use by children younger than 18 years of age.
It may be several weeks before you start to feel better, but do not stop taking buspirone
without first talking to your doctor.
Overdose symptoms include: drowsiness, very deep sleep, nausea, vomiting, and
unusually small pupils. Seek emergency consult once you experience any suspected
overdose symptoms.
Serious side effects: an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of your throat; swelling of your lips, tongue, or face; hives); chest pain or an irregular heartbeat;
headache, dizziness, lightheadedness, slurred speech, confusion, or blurred vision;
numbness or tingling in your hands, feet, arms, or legs; depression; or uncontrollable movements of your arms, legs, tongue, or lips.
Less serious side effects which may be more likely to occur are : drowsiness or fatigue,
dry mouth, or an increase in nightmares or dreams.
Drug interactions: monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) – may lead to severely high blood pressure; nefazodone (Serzone); itraconazole (Sporanox); erythromycin (E-Mycin, E.E.S., Ery-Tab, Eryc, others); or selegiline (Eldepryl).
You may require a dosage adjustment or special monitoring during treatment if you are
taking any of the medicines listed above. Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with buspirone. The interaction could lead to potentially adverse effects. Do not increase or decrease the amount of grapefruit products in your diet without first talking to your doctor.
Buspirone may also increase the effects of other drugs that cause drowsiness, including antidepressants, antihistamines, sedatives (used to treat insomnia), pain relievers, anxiety medicines, and muscle relaxants. Tell your doctor about all medicines that you are taking, and do not take any prescription or over-the-counter medicine without first talking to your doctor.
Buspirone hydrochloride is a white crystalline, water soluble compound with a molecular weight of 422.0. Chemically, buspirone hydrochloride is 8-[4-[4-(2-pyrimidinyl)- 1-piperazinyl]butyl]-8-aza- spiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione monohydrochloride. The empirical formula C21H31N502 . HCl. BuSpar is supplied as tablets for oral administration containing 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, or 30 mg of buspirone hydrochloride, USP (equivalent to 4.6 mg, 9.1 mg, 13.7 mg, and 27.4 mg of buspirone free base, respectively). The 5-mg and 10-mg tablets are scored so they can be bisected. Thus, the 5-mg tablet can also provide a 2.5-mg dose, and the 10-mg tablet can provide a 5-mg dose. The 15-mg and 30-mg tablets are provided in the DIVIDOSE tablet design. These tablets are scored so they can be either bisected or trisected. Thus, a single 15-mg tablet can provide the following doses: 15 mg (entire tablet), 10 mg (two thirds of a tablet), 7.5 mg (one half of a tablet), or 5 mg (one third of a tablet). A single 30-mg tablet can provide the following doses: 30 mg (entire tablet), 20 mg (two thirds of a tablet), 15 mg (one half of a tablet), or 10 mg (one third of a tablet). BuSpar Tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, lactose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate. The 30-mg tablet also contains iron oxide.
Buspirone has the following structural formula:
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